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Chap1 嵌入式计算

Introduction

Embedded computing system:any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself a general-purpose computer

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characteristics of embedded system

  • Sophisticated functionality
  • Reliable
  • Real-time operation
  • High performance
  • Low manufacturing cost
  • Low power
  • Safe and secure

real-time operation

  • Must finish operations by deadlines
  • Hard real time: missing ddl causes failure
  • Soft real time: missing ddl results in degraded performance
  • Many systems are multi-rate: must handle operations at widely varing rates

嵌入式系统基本结构

  • 硬件：嵌入式核心芯片、内存系统、外部接口
  • 软件：嵌入式操作系统（Embedded Operating System）、应用软件、板级支持包（board support package, BSP）
  • 层次结构：无法显示

Cyber-Physical Systems

Embedded processors

Note

  • 嵌入式微处理器（MPU）：如 ARM 处理器
  • 嵌入式微控制器（MCU）：如 STM32、PIC、Atmel
  • 相对低端的 MCU 又称单片机
  • 嵌入式 DSP 处理器（DSP）：如 TI 的 TMS320
  • 嵌入式片上系统（SoC）：如 ARM Cortex-A

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